This study aims to explore the variation patterns of total flavonoid and other antioxidant activities in watermelon peel yogurt, providing a basis for the production of a functional yogurt. Using watermelon peel as the raw material and total flavonoid content as the indicator, the optimal process of watermelon peel yogurt was optimized through single-factor and orthogonal experiments. The results indicate that yogurt fermented with a mass ratio of watermelon juice to milk at 1:3, fermentation time of 10 hours, and fermentation agent dosage of 0.10% exhibits a refreshing watermelon aroma, excellent texture, and almost no whey separation. After process optimization, the polysaccharide content of watermelon peel yogurt increased by 19%, and water-holding capacity rose to 63.3%. Texture analysis revealed a hardness of 81.50 g, viscosity of 20.00 g, adhesiveness of 1.20 mJ, elasticity of 8.83 mm, and a draw length of 6.76 mm. The physicochemical and microbiological properties of watermelon peel yogurt meet national standards, and it possesses a good free radical scavenging ability.

Apropos of English learning, vocabulary learning is one of the most essential parts. Thanks to modern technology, recent years has witnessed scads of vocabulary learning apps springing in the app market which include greatly comprehensive functions. However, among those popular apps, some universal handicaps still exist in the design of the review section, for example, the absence of the freedom for the users to classify the cognitive or priority grade of vocabulary and the low effect of some reviewing methods that could not satisfy the need of the language learners to fully master the orthography of words. This paper aims at contriving an app serving as a supplementary part of English vocabulary learning in order to remedy those inadequacies of mainstream applications or other self-learning methods. In this paper, literature study, graphology, and mathematical modelling are involved. Based on Matlab GUI/App Designer, this paper presents a new method to review English words in which users could customize their lexicon, as well as define the priority of each word and practice spelling of vocabulary on an hourly-based system instead of a daily-based one that most of the existing online platforms adopted. Through creating a discrete probability density function for each word, this app could forward a random word in the glossary for users to practice orthography, obeying the probability density distribution that has a mathematical relationship with familiarity and priority of the words as well as the time factor (Ebbinghaus forgetting curve). Thus, users could thoroughly grasp the orthography of target words.

In the rapidly evolving landscape of global travel, understanding international flight prices has become pivotal for both travellers and airlines. This paper delves into the intricate web of factors influencing flight prices, utilizing a dataset from “Ease My Trip” spanning 50 days. Employing rigorous data processing techniques, including handling missing values and label encoding, the study explores correlations between various parameters such as cabin class, flight numbers, airlines, and duration, shedding light on pricing dynamics. The research employs linear regression, decision trees, and random forest models for prediction. The results showcase the significance of class, flight numbers, and duration on prices. Particularly, higher cabin classes correlate strongly with increased prices, offering vital insights for airlines to optimize revenue. The models’ predictive accuracies are commendable, with the random forest model standing out, explaining 98.9% of the variance. This study not only illuminates the complex interplay of factors steering international flight prices but also provides airlines with robust pricing strategies. The findings empower travellers to make informed decisions, promising a harmonious future for the aviation industry in an ever-changing global market.

FinFET technology, hailed as the successor to MOSFETs, has garnered significant attention due to its potential to address the challenges posed by the latter's scaling limitations. However, the adoption of FinFETs is not without its set of obstacles. Key issues, such as constraints imposed by material-induced bandgaps, the intricacies of manufacturing processes, and complications related to fin height, persistently challenge engineers and researchers alike. Notably, the material-induced bandgap limitations can be detrimental to the device's overall performance. The intricacies in manufacturing add layers of complexity to fabrication, making the production process not only meticulous but also expensive. Additionally, the precise control over fin height is crucial, as it has direct implications for device performance and variability. In response to these challenges, innovative solutions are continually being proposed. The advent of multiple gate designs has offered greater control over the device's electrical properties. Additionally, the integration of High-K dielectrics provides an improved gate oxide alternative, addressing the leakage current issues often observed in traditional designs. Moreover, techniques like selective epitaxial silicon growth have been introduced to rectify the external surface, ensuring better consistency and performance. Undoubtedly, these hurdles underscore the importance of relentless research and collaboration in the semiconductor industry. The drive to overcome these challenges not only pushes the boundaries of FinFET technology but also promises enhanced performance, efficiency, and scalability. This continuous evolution will undoubtedly pave the way for more refined and efficient FinFET solutions in the near future.