Theoretical and Natural Science
TNS Vol.2 (CIAP 2022), 02 February 2023
Open
Access | Article
On the Copenhagen Interpretation and Its Alternative Theories
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Quantum mechanics has become the rising trend in modern physics and has completely changed people’s views of physics. This essay delves into the once-existing problems underlying quantum mechanics such as the conflict between substantiality and completeness in quantum mechanics and the relationship between causality and observation and analyzes the solutions to the controversies. The Copenhagen Interpretation is widely considered the most orthodox explanation of quantum mechanics; therefore, this paper focuses on the Copenhagen Interpretation and examines how it delicately manages to explain quantum mechanics. It also examines its alternative theories, such as Einstein’s local hidden variable theory, and disproves them with Bell’s inequality and other reasonings. The essay aims to clarify and systematize the historical development of quantum mechanics, showing the current progress of quantum mechanics.
Keywords
Bell’s inequality, Substantiality and Completeness, Delayed-choice experiment, Causality and Observation, Quantum mechanics, Copenhagen interpretation
References
1. De Gosson, Maurice A. Principles of Newtonian and Quantum Mechanics, The: The Need for Planck's Constant [M] H. World Scientific, 2016, pp.3-5.
2. Jaeger, Gregg. What in the (quantum) world is macroscopic [J] American Journal of Physics 82.9, 2014, pp.896-905.
3. Gbur, Gregory J. Falling Felines and Fundamental Physics [J] Yale University Press, 2019, pp. 264–290.
4. Griffiths, David J., and Darrell F. Schroeter. Introduction to quantum mechanics [M] Cambridge university press, 2018, pp.1-3
5. Horodecki, Ryszard, et al. Quantum entanglement [J] Reviews of modern physics 81.2, 2009, pp.865.
6. Einstein, Albert, Boris Podolsky, and Nathan Rosen. Can quantum-mechanical description of physical reality be considered complete? [J] Physical review 47.10, 1935, pp.777.
7. Howard, Don. Who invented the “Copenhagen Interpretation”? A study in mythology [J] Philosophy of Science 71.5, 2004, pp.669-682.
8. Bell, John S. On the Einstein Podolsky Rosen paradox [J] Physics Physique Fizika 1.3, 1964, pp.195-200.
9. Chaves, Rafael, Gabriela Barreto Lemos, and Jacques Pienaar. Causal modeling the delayed-choice experiment [J] Physical review letters 120.19, 2018, pp.190-401.
10. Peruzzo, Alberto, et al. A quantum delayed-choice experiment [J] Science 338.6107, 2012, pp.634-637.
11. Hiley, B. J., and R. E. Callaghan. Delayed-choice experiments and the Bohm approach [J] Physica Scripta 74.3, 2006, pp.336.
12. Holland, Peter R. The quantum theory of motion: an account of the de Broglie-Bohm causal interpretation of quantum mechanics [M] Cambridge university press, 1995, pp.2-6.
Data Availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Authors who publish this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See Open Access Instruction).